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Family influence on the consumption of sugary drinks by preschoolers
Moravcová, Marie ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Dusílková, Nina Borisovna (referee)
This work focus on the influence of the family on the consumption of sweetened beverages in preschool children. Due to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population, it is necessary to find new ways to actively prevent this trend. The theoretical part of the thesis focus on the causes and effects of overweight and obesity. It analyzes uncontrollable influences, such as genetics, or racial and ethnic differences. Also influences that can be influenced, where we can include, socioeconomic status, eating habits, and the consumption of sugary drinks, physical activity, sleep, stress or family influences. The family has a great influence on the child and his life from early childhood. Positive and negative as well. Many studies have already been published, that looked at the connections between the family's socioeconomic situation, place of residence, inappropriate diet, excessive consumption of sugary drinks, little physical activity and the likelihood of becoming overweight and obese. Several of them are mentioned in this work. It is necessary to spread the results of these studies among the lay public and try to motivate them to change bad habits in the population. The experimental work focus on a questionnaire survey, in which it was determined whether there is a correlation between...
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Influence of family environment on adolescents´lifestyle
ZEZULOVÁ, Dominika
The diploma thesis entitled The influence of the family environment on the adolescents´ lifestyle focuses on the extent to which and how the family climate, parent´s hobbies, their employment and way of spending free time are reflected in the lifestyle and way of spending free time of their adolescents aged from 15 up to 19 years, i.e. children studying high school or vocational school. The work defines the concept of adolescence and the changes and pitfalls that a person goes through at this age. It also deals with the concept of family, its functions, its form in the traditional sense and its form at present. The most important part of the work is the chapter called Influence of the family environment, where the fundamental aspects of family events that affect the child and thus shape his or her personality and lifestyle are discussed in detail. The empirical part of the thesis aims to answer the following questions: How does the family climate affect the time spent by an adolescent child with the family? How do parents´ employment and leisure time affect their teenage lifestyle? How do family eating habits affect an adolescent´s lifestyle? Six semi-structured interviews with students aged 15 to 19 were made for the research.
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The influence of the family on childhood tabaccism
LOJKOVÁ, Michaela
This work is focused on the problematics of smoking. It is a very pressing problem that even programs such as Health 2020 appeal on. Over 5 million smokers and 600 thousands non-smokers die per year on consequences related to smoking. The riskiest period for creation of the tobacco addiction is adolescence. According to Dr. Králíková (2013) the most frequent age for regular smoking is between the age of 14 and 15. Thus the prevention should aim on children below this age category (16). There are several factors that affect smoking and that is for example family. It has been proven that there are more smokers that came from smoker family than non-smoker family. Despite this fact there are many smokers that came from non-smoker family. That is why I wondered how much does the family affect the attitude of children towards smoking and how does the smokers perceive this effect. I am a non-smoker and I think that I owe my family for affecting me this way. The theoretical part of this work is focused on tobacco, its usage and consequences related to it. This part contains the history of tobacco, its composition and the ways of consumption. A big part of this theoretical section is about the health risks related to smoking. This work had two goals. The first was to find out what kind of influence does the family have on the development of tabacism. This means to compare the family environments and the actions of parents on the smoker informants and non-smoker informants. The second goal was to find out the reasons of tobacco usage among the young population. I also found out the reasons why non-smoking informants don't smoke. I used a qualitative method for this research. The data was collected through the use of controlled interviews which were done with smokers and non-smokers in the age group between 14 and 15. The collected data were split into categories and to each category a mind map was created - one showing the responses of smokers and the other of non-smokers. Each map has been properly described. The informants were from different kinds of families and thus there were plenty of opinions to share from different types of family environments. The research was focused on the actions of parents of the informants on the issue of cigarette smoking. The assumption was that the young smokers had more preventive actions from parents than non-smokers. But this assumption hasn't been proved by the research. On the contrary the non-smokers reported more often that they can't remember the discussion between them and parents about smoking and the harm related to it. But there were no significant differences between the answers of smokers and non-smokers. The research was further focused on the differences within the family environments, such as exposure to cigarette smoke, the access to cigarettes and relations inside the family. But even here there weren't any significant differences. Except for 3 examples, the smoking inside the households was strictly forbidden and it can be said that the parents are aware of the harmness of smoking. The cigarettes are always more accessible in smoker families than in non-smoker families. Nevertheless there were 2 informants who didn't have access to cigarettes even if their parents were smokers. If that had an influence on their attitude towards smoking the research doesn't show. The communication partners said that the most common reason for developing smoking habits is experimenting and the influence of the kids within the same age group. The research shows that the group of informants thinks that the children of the same age had bigger influence on them rather than the family. But I think that quantitative method would show better results for this research because it works with bigger number of informants. This research shows that in the period of adolescence the family loses the influence on children and this influence is transferred to the group of children of the same age.
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Problems of relationship between pupils to first stage of basic school ( in bullying respect ).
PLUHAŘOVÁ, Petra
The main objective of this thesis was the definition of issues in children relationships, mainly in bullying cases at primary schools, their diagnosis, possibilities of correction and prevention. The thesis is dividend in to theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part, I am looking into the definition and explanation of the basic terms. At the beginning I am dealing with the socialization of pupils, the influence of the family and malfunction of behavior. In the next step, I am defining bullying, its forms and characteristics of the bullying protagonists. In the end of the theoretical part I am focusing on the diagnosis and prevention of bullying. In the practical part, I am focusing on the occurrences of bullying forms in primary schools using questionaires. The practical part is composed by research, which was performed at four primary schools, two rural and two urban. The research was carried out with the participation of 151 pupils of third and fourth grades. The results of the research are graphically represented and evaluated.
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